All Cover Crop Species

Very popular for use in potato rotations to control soil borne pests and can be incorporated into moist soil to maximise biofumigation.

• Green manure crop with biofumigant properties
• Winter-hardy, easy to establish, cost effective
• Reduces wireworm and PCN populations and their effect on potatoes
• Suppresses Verticillium wilt and Sclerotinia in potato production
• Sowing Rate: 5kg / ha
• VITTASSO Brown Mustard Brochure

Buckwheat is a fast-growing annual crop, with a dense canopy for excellent weed suppression. Buckwheat scavenges phosphates, helping to reduce leaching. 

• Rapid establishment and growth make it an ideal short-season crop
• A dense canopy works efficiently as an excellent weed suppressant
• Nectar-rich, helping boost pollinators and other beneficial insects
• Scavenges phosphates from the soil for future crops
• Sowing rate: 50kg / ha

Black oats are becoming a popular choice with growers for catch and cover crops. Rapid growth and high biomass make it an option for biogas production.

• Rapid establishment - faster than conventional oats or rye
• Produces an excellent root network ground cover to reduce soil erosion
• High biomass makes it an option for biogas production in AD plants
• Upright growth habit makes it an ideal companion for Vetches. Not winter hardy
• Sowing rate: 30 - 50kg / ha

White mustard has extensive root development and an impressive yield of dry matter. If not incorporated, surviving plants are usually killed by winter frosts.

• Fast and easy to establish providing rapid ground cover and weed suppression
• Rapid breakdown of organic material after incorporation releases nutrients
• Extensive root development protects soil from errosion and breaks compaction
• Cost effective solution for using with crop rotations
• Sowing rate: 15kg / ha

Red clover is an aggressive, nitrogen fixing plant which is an effective weed suppressor. Good for improving and aerating soil structure.

• A shorter term alternative to White Clover, will usually last for two years 
• An aggressive plant, providing a large mass of green vegetation
• Fixes large amounts of atmospheric nitrogen which is released once ploughed in
• Large tap root which penetrates deep into the ground, improving soil structure
• Sowing rate: 15kg / ha

Spring vetch is a nitrogen fixing legume which due to its larger seed size can be sown later in the year than most other legumes.

• Fast establishing legume which is an excellent weed suppressor 
• Vetches provide large amounts of nitrogen which is available to the following crop
• A vigorous trailing/climbing annual legume that does best on dry, alkaline soils
• Commonly sown as a mixture with Forage Rye
• Sowing rate: 50kg / ha

Sunflowers are another great option when it comes to cover crops, whether used straight or in a mixture to produce combined benefits.

• Standard tall variety.
• Excellent nectar rich flowers provide food for pollinators.
• Dead flower heads provide an ideal overwintering habitat for pollinators. 
• Frequently sown as part of a game cover mixture or with Kale.
• Sowing rate: 5kg per acre.

A high yielding, shorter stem variety - a popular option for spring sowings to help control black grass and broad leaved weeds.

• Very quick and early to mature, generating excellent yields
• Strong reputation for producing high yields in following wheat crops
• Performs well on thin soils. Not frost hardy
• Provides interest well into the winter, particularly sown with other species
• Sowing Rate: 50kg / ha

A nitrogen fixing legume which is better adapted to wet, acidic soils and cooler temperatures. Requires shallow sowing and a firm seedbed.

• Scandinavian origin and better adapted than Red or White Clover to wet acid soils and cooler conditions
• Growth habit similar to Red Clover
• Lower yielding of biomass
• Requires shallow sowing and a firm seedbed
• Sowing rate: 25kg per acre. Packsize: 25kg

Annual form of ryegrass

• Produces large amounts of biomass in short space of time
• Suitable for silage, hay production, grazing and green manure
• Can be sown from spring through to autumn
• Sowing rate: 15kg per acre

NACRE winter vetch is ideal for both Autumn or Spring sowing with superior establishment and frost tolerance. Strong nitrogen fixing properties and excellent resistance to disease.

• Superior establishment and fast growth act as an excellent weed suppressor
• Produces large amounts of nitrogen, which break down easily for the following crop
• Annual legume that performs best on dry, alkaline soils
• Commonly sown as a companion crop with Forage Rye
• Sowing rate: 50kg / ha

LIFAGO buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is a different species to conventional buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) - particularly suited to grow as a companion crop with oilseed rape.

• Suitable for Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI): IPM3
• Rapid establishment and high vigour
• Creates a dense canopy to protect the oilseed rape plants
• Smaller seeded and easier to drill with oilseed rape than standard buckwheat
• Scavenges phosphates from the soil for future crops
• Suitable for Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI): IPM3
• Sowing rate: c.10kg/ha as a companion crop

A low growing green cover crop which fixes nitrogen and suppresses weeds. Often sown amongst brassica crops.

• A biennial/annual legume that gives good yields even on thin calcareous soils
• Few legumes outperform medic in soil-saving and soil-building
• May be grazed by sheep, main use is as a green manure undersown in cereals
• Low growth habit makes it useful in vegetable intercropping systems
• Sowing rate: 12kg / ha

Lupin is a highly efficient nitrogen fixer with a very aggressive taproot which grows deep into the soil and retrieves nutrients usually unavailable to other species. 

• Deep taproot breaks soil compaction and retrieves nutrients 
• Well adapted for acid soils but grows in soils up to pH 8
• Highly efficient at fixing nitrogen and extracting phosphorus from the soil 
• Can be cut for hay and high quality silage
• Sowing rate: 25kg/ha

Blend of three Italian Ryegrass varieties

• Includes two diploid and one tetraploid variety
• Up to two years of intensive cutting and high yields
• Responds very quickly to the application of fertiliser
• Suitable for spring or autumn sowing, ideal for anaerobic digestion
• Versatile short term mixture
• Sowing rate: 15kg per acre

White clover is widely used throughout the UK. It is an important element of many silage and grazing mixtures, thanks to its persistence and nitrogen fixing properties.

• A longer term and more persistent option than Red Clover
• Very palatable for livestock and high in protein 
• Continued defoliation stimulates root growth and nitrogen fixation
• Prefers to be shallow sown into a fine, firm seed bed
• Sowing rate: 5-10kg / ha

Fodder Radish is a quick growing cover crop which scavenges nitrogen, produces large amount of organic matter and improves soil structure.

• Quick growing, produces high organic matter in short periods
• Suppresses weeds and deep roots benefit soil structure
• Ideal as a green manure crop sown in early autumn
• Effective as a standalone green cover or in mixtures
• Sowing rate: 15-25kg / ha

Crimson clover is a brightly coloured legume which attracts a large numbers of insects. Tolerant of poor soils provided they are alkaline and free draining. 

• Excellent weed suppressor, fast establishing and good nitrogen fixer
• Lower yields of biomass than Red Clover but has much shorter growing period
• Biomass degrades very quickly in the soil releasing nutrients for future crops
• Will over-winter in Southern England for autumn sowing and spring incorporation
• Sowing rate: 15kg / ha

Sainfoin is ideal as a long term cover crop in free draining soils, with strong drought resistance and tolerance of low nitrogen soils.

• A nitrogen fixing perennial legume with good drought tolerance
• Excellent high protein forage for horses being very palatable 
• Copes well with poor nutrient soils and drought conditions
• Sainfoin leys can be considered to last four years or more
• Sowing rate: 65-100kg / ha

Borage is a nectar rich, annual flower which produces abundant amounts of easily broken down material that can be incorporated into the soil.

• Nectar rich helping to boost pollinator numbers to benefit future crops
• Rapid breakdown once incorporated into the soil, releasing accessible nutrients 
• Deep taproots break apart soil compaction helping improve drainage and aeration 
• Wide fibrous root network protects soil from erosion 
• Sowing rate: 12.5kg / ha

Tabor berseem clover is an annual, nitrogen-fixing legume often used in forage or green manures and as a key variety for companion cropping with oilseed rape.

• Suitable for Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI): IPM3
• The only single-cut berseem clover variety - does not regrow after frost kill
• Compatible in seed mixtures with grass and legumes
• Nitrogen fixing legume with rapid growth and establishment
• Sow from spring to early autumn. Not frost tolerant
• Suitable for Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI): IPM3
• Sowing rate: 15kg/ha.

Phacelia is a prolific seed producer, very fast to establish and an excellent source of pollen and nectar. This makes it attractive to both insects and wild birds.

• A popular green manure crop which is an excellent weed suppressor
• Establishes fast and matures within 10-12 weeks
• Produces a large root mass making the plant an excellent soil improver
• Will produce a multitude of flowers - loved by bees and other insects
• Sowing rate: 5-8kg / ha

DAIKON is a deep rooted tillage radish variety which creates a broad canopy to suppress weeds and improves soil structure with a large tap root. 

• Large tap root breaks through soil pans and adds biomass to soil
• Tap root grows up to 35cm long and 2-5cm in width
• Broad canopy covers soil surface well to suppress weeds
• Sowing period: July until end of August
• Sowing rate: 15-25kg / ha (sow at 15kg / ha for maximum root development)

BINGO purple vetch is an exciting development in short term cover cropping and establishes quickly producing good levels of bio-mass. Purple vetch is very susceptible to frost and will be removed quickly when temperatures drop below freezing. 

• Very frost sensitive
• Fast to establish
• Nitrogen fixing
• Suites early autumn sowings 
• Sowing rate: 20kg / ha